The Canadian government has announced a 2035 climate target to cut emissions by 45-50% from 2005 levels, falling short of the 50-55% reduction recommended by its own Net Zero Advisory Body (NZAB). Climate campaigners have also expressed disappointment, advocating for a more ambitious 80% reduction target.
A Controversial Target
Environment Minister Steven Guilbeault defended the new target, stating it balances sustainability, affordability, and prosperity for future generations. However, the NZAB warned that the lower end of the target risks delaying essential climate action and jeopardizing Canada’s net-zero emissions goal by mid-century.
The NZAB emphasized that weaker targets could increase the economic costs of future decarbonization and limit Canada’s competitiveness in the global clean energy market.
Lagging Behind Global Peers
Compared to similar nations, Canada’s climate target is underwhelming. The UK recently adopted an 81% reduction target by 2035, while Japan has proposed a 60% reduction. NZAB member Catherine Abreu criticized Canada’s pace of emissions reduction, which she called “frankly pathetic” when contrasted with the 3-8% annual reductions achieved by the US, UK, and EU in 2023.
Abreu warned that Canada’s “disappointing” target undermines its credibility on the global stage, particularly among G7 nations.
Challenges from Oil and Transport
Canada’s emissions reductions have been hampered by its significant oil and gas industry, largely controlled by provincial governments, and the growing popularity of high-emission vehicles like SUVs. Although the federal government introduced a national carbon tax and energy efficiency initiatives, these measures have not yet led to consistent declines in emissions.
The government highlighted progress, claiming emissions were expected to rise 9% by 2030 when it took power in 2015 but have since fallen slightly. It also noted job growth in the environmental and clean technology sectors, with over 314,000 positions in 2021—a 6.5% increase from 2020.
Political and Public Pushback
The carbon tax has faced backlash, particularly from oil-reliant provinces like Alberta and the opposition Conservative Party, which has campaigned to abolish the tax. With federal elections approaching, the Conservatives lead in the polls, using slogans like “axe the tax” to rally support.
Caroline Brouillette, executive director of Climate Action Network Canada, criticized the government for yielding to “climate deniers” and disinformation campaigns. She argued that strong leadership is needed to confront the powerful interests profiting from fossil fuel emissions.
The Path Ahead
While Canada claims progress on emissions, critics warn that its 2035 target lacks the ambition required to meet global climate challenges. Without stronger action, the country risks economic and environmental setbacks as international competition in clean energy intensifies.
